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A* ALGORITHM BASICS FOR PATH FINDING & HEURISTICS METHODS : ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

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 A* ALGORITHM BASICS FOR PATH FINDING A* , widely used  known form of best-first search & path planning algorithm nowadays in mobile robots,games. this is the function for A*,                                     f(n) = g(n) + h(n) g ( n ) is the cost of the path from the start node to n , and h ( n ) is a heuristic function that estimates the cost of the cheapest path from n to the goal This will find cheapest f(n) value in neighbor nodes to archive goal node. check below image  A to B path finding with g(n),h(n),f(n) value In the final level check below image Now we will check the Algorithm // A* Search Algorithm 1. Initialize the open list 2. Initialize the closed list put the starting node on the open list (you can leave its f at zero) 3. ...
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Soft WDT reset Error can Fixed with single line code in Nodemcu (IOT)

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when you use while loops in your codeing with delay function (in nodemcu),
you must face this error  Soft WDT reset.
lets see a example

 //////example/////////

int motor = D1;//5;     // LED pin
int encoder = A0;//4; // push button is connected
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
        pinMode(motor, OUTPUT);   // declare LED as output
        pinMode(encoder, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  
   Serial.println(analogRead(encoder));
    while(analogRead(encoder)>=400){
      digitalWrite(motor, HIGH);
      Serial.println(analogRead(encoder));
      }
      digitalWrite(motor, LOW);
}


when you run like this code you will face below prblms 


Soft WDT reset

ctx: cont 
sp: 3ffef120 end: 3ffef390 offset: 01b0

>>>stack>>>
3ffef2d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffef2e0:  40219851 00000004 3ffe835c 33383980  
3ffef2f0:  40219af3 00000004 3ffe835c 0000018f  
3ffef300:  3ffee338 00000004 3ffe835c 00000000  
3ffef310:  40212d38 00000000 3ffee338 40201ee1  
3ffef320:  3ffe8468 000003d7 3ffee338 40201fcb  
3ffef330:  00000000 000003d7 40203358 3ffe8360  
3ffef340:  40201126 3ffe835c 3ffee338 40201ff4  
3ffef350:  feefeffe 3ffe835c 3ffe8360 40201cb5  
3ffef360:  00000000 00000000 00000001 3ffee35c  
3ffef370:  3fffdad0 00000000 3ffee354 40202184  
3ffef380:  feefeffe feefeffe 3ffee370 40100114  
<<<stack<<<
? )� 





 if you got like this error you can easily fix it 
add  
        dealy(0); 
inside the loop .

example 

int motor = D1;//5;     // LED pin
int encoder = A0;//4; // push button is connected
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
        pinMode(motor, OUTPUT);   // declare LED as output
        pinMode(encoder, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  
   Serial.println(analogRead(encoder));
    while(analogRead(encoder)>=400){
      digitalWrite(motor, HIGH);
      Serial.println(analogRead(encoder));
      delay(0);                                               //added here
      }
      digitalWrite(motor, LOW);
   delay(2);
} 
Thank you guys if you want to ask anything leave with a comment.
 

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